| ARTICLE ABSTRACT | |||||||
| DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.19522-0 | ||||||||
| Online 17 September 2003 | ||||||||
Sridhar Pennathur, Aurelia A. Haller, Mia MacPhail, Tom Rizzi, Sepideh Kaderi, Fiona Fernandes, Leenas Bicha, Jeanne H. Schickli, Roderick S. Tang, Wendy Chen, Nick Nguyen, Sharon Mathie, Hersh Mehta and Kathleen L. Coelingh
MedImmune Vaccines Inc., 297 North Bernardo Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
Restricted replication in the respiratory tract of rhesus monkeys is an intrinsic property of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bPIV-3) strains. This host range phenotype of bPIV-3 has been utilized as a marker to evaluate the attenuation of bPIV-3 vaccines for human use. Two safety, immunogenicity and efficacy studies in primates evaluated and compared three human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV-3) vaccine candidates: biologically derived bPIV-3, a plasmid-derived bPIV-3 (r-bPIV-3) and a chimeric bovine/human PIV-3 (b/hPIV-3). These studies also examined the feasibility of substituting Vero cells, cultured in the presence or absence of foetal bovine serum, for foetal rhesus lung-2 (FRhL-2) cells as the tissue culture substrate for the production of bPIV-3 vaccine. The results demonstrated that (i) Vero cell-produced bPIV-3 was as attenuated, immunogenic and efficacious as bPIV-3 vaccine grown in FRhL-2 cells, (ii) plasmid-derived bPIV-3 was as attenuated, immunogenic and efficacious as the biologically derived bPIV-3 and (iii) the b/hPIV-3 chimera displayed an intermediate attenuation phenotype and protected animals completely from hPIV-3 challenge. These results support the use of bPIV-3 vaccines propagated in Vero cells in human clinical trials and the use of b/hPIV-3 as a virus vaccine vector to express foreign viral antigens.
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This article will appear in the December 2003 print issue of JGV. Thereafter it will be available in electronic form on JGV Online.
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